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Externally Owned Account (EOA)

Externally Owned Account (EOA)

Last Updated: January 23, 2026

Externally Owned Account (EOA) is an Ethereum account controlled by a private key, used for transactions and interactions.

Externally Owned Account (EOA) is an account on the Ethereum blockchain controlled by a private key. Unlike smart contracts, EOAs are managed by individuals. They can initiate transactions, interact with smart contracts, and hold Ether and tokens. EOAs require a private key for access and authorization. This makes them essential for user-driven activities on Ethereum. Transactions from an EOA can change the blockchain state, triggering smart contract functions or transferring assets. Security is paramount, as losing the private key means losing access permanently. EOAs are fundamental to decentralized applications and financial transactions on Ethereum.